Standard file names using this system begin with the prefix file:/// followed by the local path. The following example creates a line chart. If neither of these apply, FileDescription is assigned the "normal" string. VBA: The rules for constructing markers are different in LibreOffice Basic than in VBA. The type is declared in the same way as a variable declaration: If the return type is not specified (see first example of this page), the function returns a variant. The control elements available in forms are similar to those of dialogs. Example: Suppose that in your Basic library you have a module named PrintDoc. If it finds the search term, it takes the part before the expression and writes it to the Result return buffer. The individual styles can be accessed directly by means of an index: The loop added since the previous example displays the names of all cell styles one after another in a message box. The CellAddress structure provides the following values: The cell contents in the target range are always overwritten by the moveRange method. The Step-value of 0 is a special case. LibreOffice notes the SQL commands of queries so that they are available at all times. In the Dialog Editor, the property values are shown symbolically, as Default (0), Okay (1), and Cancel (2). This service provides the following properties: When you format sheets, you can define whether page elements are visible. AnchorType receives the AS_CHARACTER value. This uses the query window to check the SQL commands typed and corrects simple syntax errors, such as those associated with uppercase and lowercase characters. The assignment. The following example searches through all tables of a text document and applies the right-align format to all cells with numerical values by means of the corresponding paragraph property. The third section deals with presentations. Programmers who want to work directly with Java or C++ rather than LibreOffice Basic should consult the LibreOffice Developer's . In the second instance, the integer variables are first converted into two strings and then linked with one another by means of the assignment. The function returns a number that contains the position at which the StringToFind first appears within MyString; a return value of zero indicates no match. The Expand parameter is a Boolean value which specifies whether the area passed over during navigation is to be highlighted. The following call determines the environment variables of the temporary directory of the operating system: LibreOffice objects and methods, such as paragraphs, spreadsheets, and fonts, are accessible to LibreOffice Basic through the LibreOffice application programming interface, or API. The Asc and Chr functions allow the Unicode value belonging to a character to be established and/or the corresponding character to be found for a Unicode value. The example first creates a text field which supports the com.sun.star.text.textfield.PageNumber service. Note: The text frame created in this way can then be inserted in the document using the insertTextContent method of the Text object. You must not declare, in any module of your library, a Public variable or a Public constant, or a Sub, or a Function, named PrintDoc. To make your code easier to read, you should assign meaningful names to these procedures. When working with LibreOffice documents, it is useful to deal with some of the basic issues of document administration in LibreOffice. ThisComponent returns the currently active document. Stacked charts are charts that are arranged with several individual values on top of one another to produce a total value. The text frame is therefore inserted directly in the text flow and behaves like a character. LibreOffice provides a whole range of predefined date and time formats. The recursion levels are set at different levels based on the software platform. VBA: Text frames are LibreOffice's counterpart to the position frame used in Word. The command: specifies a delay of 2 seconds (2000 milliseconds). The letter A stands for the column and the number 1 for the row. In addition to inserting text fields, searching a document for the fields can also be an important task. The expression MB_YESNOCANCEL + MB_DEFBUTTON3 is harder to write, but easier to understand. The dispose method at the end of the code releases the resources used by the dialog once the program ends. For a multi-dimensional array you need to specify the position (1 to n) of the index you want to know the permitted lower and upper values: In some cases, especially when dealing with the API, you need to declare an empty array. The following example uses the String property to display the first words of a sentence in a message box: The first word of each sentence can be modified in the same way using the String property: If the TextCursor contains a highlighted area, an assignment to the String property replaces this with the new text. This basically covers the loadComponentFromURL method, which is responsible for creating, importing, and opening documents. Note - VBA : Compatibility between OpenOffice.org Basic and VBA relates to the OpenOffice.org Basic language as well as the runtime library. As the name suggests, LibreOffice Basic is a programming language from the Basic family. VBA: Different terminology for spreadsheets and their content is used in VBA and LibreOffice Basic. The maximum length of a marker is 255 characters. This represents the content of a complete database table or query. Since LibreOffice Basic is a procedural programming language, several linguistic constructs have had to be added to it which enable the use of UNO. The following example shows a double loop which passes over all paragraphs of a text document and the paragraph portions they contain and applies the replacement processes from the previous example: The example runs through a text document in a double loop. You cannot modify the objects once they are in the group. The cell type is not determined by the content that is saved in the cell, but rather the object property which was used for its entry. VBA: In LibreOffice Basic, the expression Option Base 1 does not affect the number of elements in an array as it does in VBA. It may not be available in all types of documents. The type declaration symbol for a currency variable is @. In addition to simple variables (scalars), LibreOffice Basic also supports arrays (data fields). SearchDescriptor service and can be created by means of the createSearchDescriptor method of a document: Once the SearchDescriptor has been created, it receives the text to be searched for: In terms of its function, the SearchDescriptor is best compared with the search dialog from LibreOffice. As of LibreOffice Version 3.3, this status does not show in the GUI, nor is there any GUI way to re-enable the feature. The counting variable of the loop therefore runs from 0 to getCount()-1. In this case, the frame object of the window should contain an explicit name. The selection ranges from simple text fields through list and combo boxes to various buttons. The createTextCursorByRange call then creates a Cursor, which is positioned at the anchor position of the bookmark. A simple ResultSet, provides the minimum scope of functions available. In the latter examples, the code will be executed at least once. Whereas an ODBC data source only covers information about the origin of the data, a data source in LibreOffice also includes a range of information about how the data is displayed within the database windows of LibreOffice. WaitUntil takes a parameter of type Date, with a combined date and time value. Since other pages of the Developer's Guide . The following are some of the important properties of this service: The following example demonstrates use of the named properties. Note: If you are familiar with an interface, then you can transfer your knowledge from one service to another. The On Error Goto 0 call at the end of the code resets the status information of the error (the error code in the Err system variables) so that an error occurring at a later date can be clearly recognized. If you are not sure of the form of a control element, you can use the option for searching through all forms for the control element required: The example uses the HasByName method to check all forms of a text document to determine whether they contain a control element model called MyListBox. The FileLen function determines the length of a file in bytes (as long integer value). If another error occurs, the system outputs a warning. The headers and footers of a document form part of the page properties and are defined using the com.sun.star.style.PageProperties service. The Print method of the com.sun.star.view.Xprintable interface is provided for this purpose. The declaration can only be made using the supplement As Date. Here are a few examples: The following example shows how all empty lines in a text document can be removed with the help of the regular expression ^$: So far, this chapter has only dealt with text paragraphs and their portions. To pass parameters as values, use the ByVal keyword. Templates are auxiliary documents. A similarity search is used so that not only the word turnover, but also the plural form "turnovers" and declinations such as "turnover's" are found. The FreeFile function is used to create a free file handle: FileNo is an integer variable that receives the file handle. In addition to single dimensional data fields, LibreOffice Basic also supports work with multi-dimensional data fields. Unlike in the InsertCells method , a parameter for performing automatic moves is not provided in the moveRange method. Calculations with long integer variables are very fast and are particularly useful for loop counters. Note: The found expressions differ by up to two letters from the search expression: Note: From a Set of ASCII Characters to Unicode, Dynamic Changes in the Dimensions of Data Fields, Determining the Dimensions of Data Fields, Array Creation, value assignment and access example, Programming Example: Sorting With Embedded Loops, Terminating Procedures and Functions Prematurely, Specification of Date and Time Details within the Program Code, Copying, Renaming, Deleting and Checking the Existence of Files, com.sun.star.lang.XMultiServiceFactory Interface, com.sun.star.container.XNameAccess Interface, com.sun.star.container.XNameContainer Interface, Index-Based Access to Subordinate Objects, com.sun.star.container.XIndexAccess Interface, com.sun.star.container.XIndexContainer Interface, com.sun.star.container.XEnumeration and XenumerationAccess Interfaces, Basic Information about Documents in LibreOffice, Creating, Opening and Importing Documents, Replacing the Content of the Document Window, Default values for character and paragraph properties, Example: searching and replacing text with regular expressions, Inserting, Deleting, Copying and Moving Cells, Definition of Elements to be Printed (Spreadsheets Only), Type-Specific Methods for Retrieving Values, Closing With the Close Button in the Title Bar, Working With the Model of Dialogs and Control Elements, The Three Aspects of a Control Element Form, Accessing the Model of Control Element Forms, Accessing the View of Control Element Forms, Accessing the Shape Object of Control Element Forms, Determining the Size and Position of Control Elements, #Scope_of_Variables Scope and Life Span of Variables, '''#Default values for character and paragraph properties''', https://wiki.documentfoundation.org/index.php?title=Documentation/BASIC_Guide&oldid=592397, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, Addition of numbers and date values, concatenation of strings, Division of numbers with a whole number result (rounded), modulo operation (calculation of the remainder of a division), Implication (if the first expression is true, then the second must also be true), Equality of numbers, date values and strings, Inequality of numbers, date values and strings, Greater than check for numbers, date values and strings, Greater than or equal to check for numbers, date values and strings, Less than check for numbers, date values and strings, Less than or equal to check for numbers, date values and strings. VBA: The basic idea of search and replace in LibreOffice is comparable to that used in VBA. The actual replacement process is finally implemented using the replaceAll method of the document object, which replaces all occurrences of the search expression. The following call, for example, determines whether the TextElement object supports the com.sun.star.text.Paragraph service. This example shows how you may define and use a struct, and how to reference the items within it, both with and without With. This allows to determine the position and size of the elements using the Position and Size properties. For example, during a replacement process, case sensitivity can also be activated and deactivated, and similarity searches can be performed. This rule ensures that source texts can be transferred from one country to another without conversion. The call is made by entering the procedure name at the relevant point of the program. As a result, it returns a data field containing the names. Once the message box has been confirmed, it replaces the content of the window with the test2.odt file. VBA: In VBA, the MkDir and RmDir functions only relate to the current directory. If the PushButtonType has the value of 2, the dialog is closed and the Execute method of the dialog returns the value 0 (dialog closed). This allows Java to control and manipulate LibreOffice's text, drawing, presentation, spreadsheet, and database applications, and a lot more (e.g. The elements in getByIndex however are numbered beginning with 0. This example removes the B2:C3 cell range from the sheet and then shifts the underlying cells up by two rows. The origin of the objects is explained at a later point in this guide. The Select Case statement evaluates the expression, which is TRUE or FALSE, and then compares that value to Var. In the same way, the following example checks whether MyTime is between 12 and 14 hours. In error handling, it is useful to have a description of the error and to know where and why the error occurred: shows how the error information can be displayed in a message window. Here are a few examples of correct and incorrect markers: Enclosing a variable name in square brackets allows names that might otherwise be disallowed; for example, spaces. Text fields provide the following properties: The following properties are provided through the associated model object: A date field makes it possible to enter, display and edit date values. The Environ function returns the environmental variables of the operating system. Using Library.Module variable qualification grants explicit access to module-scoped variables: Constants are values which may be used but not changed by the program. This event is initiated by either a key-press or a mouse button. The same also applies to the maximum number of elements possible per dimension. Note: The True value of the IsDate property results in only the date and not time being displayed. Again, the second parameter specifies the number of columns that you want to delete. The following example removes all the strings and the direct formatting information from the B2:C3 range. Example 1: access by means of the number (numbering begins with 0), Note: If comments cover several lines, each line must be identified as a comment: A LibreOffice Basic program can contain dozens, hundreds, or even thousands of markers, which are names for variables, constants, functions, and so on. The functions responsible are insertByName, removeByName and replaceByName. Thus, it provides a consistent interface for users who navigate by mouse or by keyboard. A VBA object is always assigned to precisely one single class. Elements of the API are available through both the View and the Model. The return value is assigned using simple assignment. These in turn contain the various cells. A Draw (or Impress) document is composed of pages, also called slides. The corresponding counterparts of the TextCursor object in LibreOffice are described in the following sections. In this guide, a table-based document or spreadsheet document is the entire document, whereas a spreadsheet (or sheet for short) is a sheet (table) in the document. Regardless of this, in some instances you will have to directly access the file system, search through directories or edit text files. It returns the document object on which the macro is run. Through the API, for example, documents can be created, opened, modified and printed. Basic knowledge of the way in which databases function and the SQL query language is however needed to fully understand the following sections. Since replacing parts of character sequences is one of the most frequently used functions, the Mid function in LibreOffice Basic has been extended so that this task is performed automatically. For more information about the LibreOffice API and the Software Development Kit, visit https://api.libreoffice.org. The following example first moves the TextCursor ten characters to the left and then three characters to the right: A TextCursor can highlight a complete area. The ASCII character set is a set of codes that represent numbers, characters, and special symbols by one byte. For an understanding of the API, it is, however, useful to have the assignment of methods to various interfaces handy, since many interfaces are used in the different services. These determine the procedure LibreOffice uses when saving a document. These are two very different things. In these situations, the XEnumeration and XenumerationAccess interfaces are appropriate. The pages of a drawing document are available through the DrawPages container. The CellInsertMode enumeration recognizes the following values: The removeRange method is the counterpart to the insertCells method. The com.sun.star.frame.XStorable interface, which is responsible for saving documents. List boxes (com.sun.star.awt.UnoControlListBox service) support the following properties: List boxes provide the following methods: The model object of the list boxes provides the following properties: Note: One of these is used to query the value of the property and the other is issued to set it (get and set methods). The most important of these events are: When you work with events, note that some events, such as the When initiating event, can be initiated each time you click the mouse on some control elements (for example, on radio buttons). In many situations, it is useful to group several individual drawing objects together so that they behave as a single large object. There are numerous options for formatting cells, such as specifying the font type and size for text. All the properties of the SearchDescriptor described in the previous paragraph are also supported by ReplaceDescriptor. LibreOffice Basic provides the MsgBox and InputBox functions for basic user communication. You can assign a date to a date variable through the assignment of a simple string: This assignment can function properly because LibreOffice Basic automatically converts the date value defined as a string into a date variable. The most important interface of the StarDesktop is com.sun.star.frame.XComponentLoader. The descriptor objects for searching and replacing in spreadsheet documents are not created directly through the document object, but rather through the Sheets list. Functions and procedures can only be called up if all the necessary parameters are passed during the call. In some instances, the date cannot be converted: In the example shown, the assignment of the test string to a date variable makes no sense, so the Basic interpreter reports an error. The following example shows how four lines of a mathematical expression can be linked: Note: If you close a dialog by clicking the OK button, the Execute method returns a return value of 1, otherwise a value of 0 is returned. In #Cells and Ranges, the following example has the qualifiers in the Case statements written out completely, for clarity. The example first tests whether the B parameter has been passed and, if necessary, passes the same parameter to the internal B_Local variable. Finally the code sets the Label property of the control element to the New Label value. As an alternative, a validity range with start and end values can be specified for the data field declaration. VBA: Unlike VBA, LibreOffice Basic ensures that the name of a local variable is not used simultaneously as a global and a private variable in the module header. The most common paragraph properties are: The following example demonstrates how to work with formatting information. The following example creates and inserts a rectangle in a drawing document: The Point and Size structures with the point of origin (left hand corner) and the size of the drawing object are then initialized. Anyone who has previously worked with other Basic languages in particular with Visual Basic or Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) from Microsoft will quickly become accustomed to LibreOffice Basic. The procedure for defining page formats differs from other forms of formatting. There are various ways of formatting text. LibreOffice Basic provides properties that return these in the form of a string containing a list. A ResultSet is a type of marker that indicates a current set of data within a volume of results obtained using the SELECT command. Just like individual cells, you can apply formatting to cell ranges using the com.sun.star.table.CellProperties service. In terms of functionality, OptimalWidth is more of a method than a property. To change the search so that InStr is case sensitive, add the parameter 0, as shown in the following example: Using the previous functions for editing strings, programmers can search for and replace one string in another string: The function searches through the transferred Search string in a loop by means of InStr in the original term Source. The following example shows how all element names of a spreadsheet can thereby be determined and displayed in a loop: The hasByName method of the XNameAccess interface reveals whether a subordinate object with a particular name exists within the basic object. You can also use the following style to declare an integer type variable: The Dim instruction can record several variable declarations: If you want to assign the variables to a permanent type, you must make separate assignments for each variable: If you do not declare the type for a variable, LibreOffice Basic assigns the variable a variant type. The Diagram object provides the following properties to access the axes title: and for the secondary axes (available since OpenOffice.org 3.0): The objects for formatting the axes title are based on the com.sun.star.chart.ChartTitle service, which is also used for chart titles. There are, however, a few key differences: Users who want to provide their forms with their own methods for event handling, should refer to the #Dialogs chapter. The method for accessing the shape objects of a control element also uses the corresponding drawing level of the document. The com.sun.star.awt.UnoControlEdit service forms the basis for text fields. This new chart is then visible to the user. The second parameter of Dir specifies whether files or directories are to be searched for. However, this call does not affect the UNO sequences that are defined through the LibreOffice API whose index always begins with 0. 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