Daphne resents the move and returns to London for an extended period. As one Town and Country article put it in a photograph caption, Milne was an English playwright. Published next week, the book reveals the . Milne served again during World War II as captain in the British Home Guard. Milnes Winnie the Pooh books added up to just 70,000 words the length of an average novel (Credit: CBW/Alamy), The success of the Pooh stories also undermined the reception of the non-juvenile work Milne wrote later. Read about our approach to external linking. In pessimistic moments, when I was trudging London in search of an employer wanting to make use of such talents as I could offer, it seemed to me, almost, that my father had got to where he was by climbing upon my infant shoulders, that he had filched from me my good name and had left me with nothing but the empty fame of being his son., Christopher Robin Milne unveils a statue of a bear at London Zoo in 1981 (Credit: Keystone/Hulton Archive/Getty), Milne was just as stuck with Pooh and Christopher Robin as his son was. His study of classics and his work on Punch had given him the extraordinary ease and range he shows in the poems. The first book, a collection of children's poems titled When We Were Very Young, came out in 1924, shortly after Christopher Robin's fourth birthday. To the disgust of his parents, the pair married in 1948 and their only daughter Clare was born with cerebral palsy, suffering disabilities which left her confined to a wheelchair. Though this live-action take is purely fictional, the man behind the books is very realand he suffered great strife from his namesakes success. In 1929, he acted in a pageant based on the stories. Goodbye Christopher Robin is a 2017 British biographical drama film about the lives of Winnie-the-Pooh creator A. He was to join the Canadian Army Veterinary Corps . Christopher arrived at the funeral in a scruffy overcoat and it was the last time. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. You want to be Hamlet but youre hailed as a clown, and now you can never be any kind of Hamlet. 679215 Registered office: 1 London Bridge Street, London, SE1 9GF. They called it the prettiest little house in London. The constant taunts at Stowe School in Buckinghamshire were a source of toe-curling, fist-clenching, lip-biting embarrassment. by Greater London Council
AA Milne January 18, 2023. It now has a blue plaque on it and is Grade II listed. But when the Germans realized just who they'd captured, they took Wodehouse to a luxury hotel in Berlin and asked him to record a series of broadcasts about his internment. Milne on the other hand searched it for its source and found something true and terrible and enduring. Things were no brighter on the family front: As an adult, Christopher Milne harbored resentment toward his fatherin his autobiography, he wrote that he felt Milne had filched from me my good name and had left me with nothing but the empty fame of being his son. During Milne's last years, Christopher rarely saw his father. A.A. Milne's son struggled with the repercussions of fame for most of his life. Development on the project first began in 2010, with Steve Christian and Nuala Quinn-Barton, and subsequently Damian Jones, as producers. The next year, Christopher performed before 350 guests at a party, reciting parts of the books and singing the song The Friend. After all, the book was written specifically for one child, by name . "Well . To improve security and online experience, please use a different browser or, https://www.youtube.com/user/EnglishHeritageFilm. Learn about the man and the legend that go well beyond his fruitful name. His legacy may not be quite as literary as he wanted. Hating that Milne had moved the family from West London to a farm in the depths of Sussex, she took a lover. at 13 Mallord Street, Chelsea, London, SW3 6DT, Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea, A.A. And the Hundred Acre Wood closely resembles Ashdown Forest, where the Milnes had a nearby home. It was around then that Milne decided to stop writing childrens books. +44 (0) 20 7373 7878 Winnie-the-Pooh, collection of children's stories by A.A. Milne, published in 1926. Corrections? He was confined to a wheelchair until his death in 1956. She was also hoping for a girl and is disappointed to instead have a son. The text begins: Here is Edward Bear, coming downstairs now, bump, bump, bump, on the back of his head, behind Christopher Robin. What marks Christopher Robin out from other children in literature from William, say is that hes often absent from the adventures. It was directed by Simon Curtis and written by Frank Cottrell-Boyce and Simon Vaughan, and stars Domhnall Gleeson, Margot Robbie, and Kelly Macdonald. It is there, too, in the child who plays in the woods in Christopher Robin himself. Sixty years ago, children - and their parents - lost one of the most beloved geniuses of children's literature: AA Milne, the creator of Winnie the Pooh. Christopher, meanwhile, had grudgingly accepted a share of his fathers legacy even though he hated the idea of taking a lift from my fictional namesake of all people. Daphne would see her only child, although she would live for another 15 years. ~ A. Alan Alexander Milne (pronounced /mln/) was an English author, best known for his books about the teddy bear Winnie-the-Pooh and for various children's poems. That only child whose name really was Christopher Robin was packed off to boarding school, remorselessly bullied, married his first cousin and had a severely handicapped daughter. A. As a discerning critic pointed out: the hero of my latest play, God help it, was just Christopher Robin grown up.. Milne was already a respected writer for Punch magazine when, in 1923 during a wet holiday in Wales, he started to write verse about his three- year-old son Christopher and his Harrods teddy bear. Pooh is one of a tiny handful of creations that are so enormously successful we forget the infelicity of their names: Boots, the Beatles, Star Wars, Winnie-the-Pooh. A. Here are seven facts about her fascinating life and complex legacy. I do not want CR Milne to ever wish that his name were Charles Robert.. 1996: Christopher Robin dies. "The Sun", "Sun", "Sun Online" are registered trademarks or trade names of News Group Newspapers Limited. Milne's writing clearly struck a chord, and. Both AA Milne and his son Christopher Robin grew to resent the bear and the books for the enormous impact they had on their lives. The family didnt exactly shield Christopher from the publicity. In vain, Milne wrote. Among his harshest critics was Milne, who wrote to the Daily Telegraph: Irresponsibility in what the papers call a licensed humorist can be carried too far; navet can be carried too far. Christopher probably would have grown even more bitter if he hadn't met his future wife, who also happened to be his first cousin, at age 27. Meanwhile, his father gave away the original Winnie-the-Pooh toy bear and his stuffed friends Piglet, Tigger, Eeyore and Kanga, which had all belonged to Christopher. A Doctor came hurrying round, and he said: "Tut-tut, I am sorry to find you in bed. To see all content on The Sun, please use the Site Map. (Photo by Howard Coster) The demons of war followed Milne throughout his life. And the blue-bells, which are ringing. Milne had a varied writing career. Milne wrote the episodic stories of Winnie-the-Pooh and its sequel, The House at Pooh Corner (1928), for his young son, Christopher Robin, whose toy animals were the basis for many of the characters and whose name was used for the young boy who appears in the tales as the benign master of the animals. And as for the original Pooh and his friends? Instead he devoted himself to largely ignored plays and anti-war commentary. Goodbye Christopher Robin and the problem with author biopics, Original reporting and incisive analysis, direct from the Guardian every morning, The child in time AA Milne with the Christopher Robin and Pooh Bear in 1926. Alan Alexander Milne, popularly known as A.A. Milne, was born on January 18, 1882. Milne didn't encounter a real bear, accompanied by a group of animal friends, wandering around the Hundred Acre Wood, but almost all of the characters in his books had real-life counterparts. It contained contributions from many MI7b writersand Milne's sentiments can be seen in these lines of verse: As a young man, Milne was friends with author P.G. At the time, the mounting toll of World War I had dimmed public support and an anti-war movement was growing. The . Winnie-the-Pooh by A.A. Milne 307,401 ratings, average rating, 6,104 reviews Browse By Tag. Read Chapter I - IN WHICH WE ARE INTRODUCED TO WINNIE-THE-POOH AND SOME BEES, AND THE STORIES BEGIN of Winnie The Pooh by A.A. Milne. He even parted ways with the friends who'd started it allhis childhood toys Pooh, Piglet, Tigger, Eeyore, and Kangain 1947 when he gave them to the New York Public Library, where they remained on display for 20 years. He wasn't living up to his "household name. Blue resolves to stop writing about the boy and his imaginary friends. Father and son walk together through the woods, Billy being shown as both a young child and young man. ), The rift continued even after the war ended, with Wodehouse stating at one point: Nobody could be more anxious than myself that Alan Alexander Milne should trip over a loose bootlace and break his bloody neck.. Milne isnt of course the only writer to find himself swallowed up by his own creation. Milne was a noted writer, primarily as a playwright, before the huge success of Pooh overshadowed all his previous work. Over the course of his lifetime, Milne wrote seven novels, five nonfiction books and 34 plays, along with numerous stories and articles. (Alan Alexander) Milne (1882-1956), famous for his stories about Winnie the Pooh and Christopher Robin, Tigger, Piglet and the rest, was a soldier in the Great War from 1915 to 1919 -- including the Battle of the Somme. Looking back on his early childhood, Christopher told writer Gyles Brandreth his father was "not good with children" and was mostly absent, either working or at London's esteemed Garrick Club. Now a new film starring Domhnall Gleeson as writer Alan Alexander Milne and Margot Robbie as his wife Daphne examines the fallout between the boy and his parents. Pooh and his friends are still among the most profitable childrens characters in the world. They are a real find. And . Described by Milne as the prettiest little house in London, 13 Mallord Street is said to have found it thrilling to live in a house that had an outside personality as well as an inside one. When illness rendered him unfit for the front, his writing talent led to his being tapped to join a secret propaganda unit, MI7b, in 1916. Wells. Before his death, he called Pooh that silly old bear and expressed regret that hed ever taken part. Writing his memoirs seemed cathartic for Christopher"Believe it or not, I can look at those four [Winnie-the-Pooh] books without flinching," he said at age 60but he never truly reconciled with his parents. While only A. 1882-1956 Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. He later said: My fathers heart remained buttoned up all through his life. With his stories about Winnie the Pooh, Milne brought joy into the lives of many people. In the first chapter, Pooh hears bees in the treetop and believes they must be making honey. The other unusual thing about Christopher Robin of course is that he was to some extent a real boy. But he continued with the books, and Now We Are Six was published in 1927, followed by The House At Pooh Corner in 1928. The main character, Winnie-the-Pooh (sometimes called simply Pooh or Edward Bear), is a good-natured, yellow-furred, honey-loving bear who lives in the Forest surrounding the Hundred Acre Wood (modeled after Ashdown Forest in East Sussex, England). Hes more like a kindly uncle than a child. Wodehouse, to his later regret, agreed. Milne had a long, successful career in the theatre a world in which the writer becomes accustomed to a certain amount of petting and caressing. AA Milne made his debut in 1925 when he published "Gallery of Children," a collection of short stories that had some of the stories that would become part of his most popular "Winnie the Pooh" series. That's just.. how jokes ARE, the punchline has to relate to the setup otherwise the joke won't make any sense. This will impede melatonin production and increase levels of cortisol, to keep you awake. They wanted to see the bear and more troublingly the boy. View our online Press Pack. Entering boarding school at age 9, Christopher Robin had a full-fledged "love-hate relationship with my fictional namesake" that continued into adulthood, he wrote in his 1974 memoir The Enchanted Places. His daughter set up the Clare Milne Trust in 2002 to fund disability projects in Devon and Cornwall. Now his other works are largely forgotten. Wells. However, Billy has survived and arrives at the country house without warning, leading to awkward but tearful reunions with his parents and Olive. He was married in 1913, and in 1915, though a pacifist, he joined the service during World War I as a signalling officer. His mother, meanwhile, insisted on dressing him in "girlish" clothes and keeping his hair below his ears, a style that was odd even for the time. After a year they were joined by a Harrods teddy bear, which came to be known as Winnie-the-Pooh. It needs to touch a raw nerve. It isnt easy. Of course, Milne would also write the four childrens books that made up the Winnie the Pooh series as well as two poetry collections, When We Were Very Young and Now We Are Six. He first made his name at Punch, where he worked from 1906 until the outbreak of the First World War. But even now, 60 years after his death, the boy and his bear are still playing on the pages, and in the imaginations, of thousands of children worldwide. Christopher was soon to become the world's most famous child. He served briefly in France, but he became ill and was sent home. He never forgave his father, who he said had filched from me my good name and had left me with nothing but the empty fame of being his son. Failure at least has the comfort of hope. These remain classics of light verse for children. You could say his friend and hero JM Barrie wrote with great commercial success after Peter Pan, but what does after Peter Pan mean? lived here. During World War I, Milne saw action as a soldier, including at the Battle of the Somme. Milne also wrote adult fiction, including the popular detective story, The Red House Mystery (1922). Winnie-the-Pooh: Exploring a Classic", "The Adventures of the REAL Winnie-the-Pooh", Plans to improve access to Pooh Bridge unveiled, "Celebrate Winnie-The-Pooh's 90th with a Rare Recording (And Hunny)", "BBC Culture AA Milne and the curse of Pooh bear", "AA Milne, Christopher Robin and the curse of Winnie-the-Pooh", "Revealed: AA Milne's secret resting place", "A bit of a stink at the Garrick over Winnie the Pooh's pot of money", "Walt Disney secures rights to Winnie the Pooh", "Pooh pictures sell for 1.2m at auction", "Winnie the Pooh meets the Queen in a new story", "Listen to the moment Winnie-the-Pooh meets penguin friend in new book", "Winnie-the-Pooh heads to V&A for big winter exhibition", "Winnie-the-Pooh heads to the V&A in London for bear-all exhibition", "Disney's Christopher Robin starts filming in the UK", "A. Blue tries to stop him going at the last moment but it is too late. A. Milne at BiblioWiki (Canada), Finding aid to the A.A. Milne letters at Columbia University, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=A._A._Milne&oldid=1134450258, 'Women and Children First!. The two even joined J.M. Immortality he received but not for the reasons he wanted. info@100queensgate.com, 100 Queen's Gate, Kensington, London, SW7 5AG. (All except Roo, that ishe was lost in the 1930s.). The film Goodbye Christopher Robin opens on Friday September 29. Milne turned a blind eye, as he too had taken a lover young actress Leonora Corbett who had appeared in a couple of his plays. A.A. Milne, in full Alan Alexander Milne, (born January 18, 1882, London, Englanddied January 31, 1956, Hartfield, Sussex), English humorist, the originator of the immensely popular stories of Christopher Robin and his toy bear, Winnie-the-Pooh. But not even his former readers would take him back. A.A. Milne and son Christopher Robin and his teddy bear in 1926, A first edition Winnie-the-Pooh book with characters from a 1930\s game, auctioned by sotheby\'s in 2008, Christopher Robin and fiancee Lesley de Selincourt in 1948, Christopher Milne at the unveiling of a statue in honor of his father at the London Zoo in 1981, What the Real Christopher Robin Thought of 'Pooh', Watch: \'Goodbye Christopher Robin\' Trailer, The Childhood Home of Winnie the Pooh is for Sale, Your Privacy Choices: Opt Out of Sale/Targeted Ads. On the contrary, they had been told that they were fighting the war that would end all wars. The author AA Milne lived at 13 Mallord Street during the most creative years of his life, from 1919 until about 1940. TO the world, AA Milne is the author who brought the innocent joy of childhood to life through his stories of Winnie-the-Pooh. E.H. Shepards original illustrations add to the charm of the book and helped make it a childrens classic. Milne collaborated with his brother Ken on a student magazine called "Granta," which he wrote and edited. Today the original toys that inspired Milne (and his son) can still be seen at the New York Public Library. But at the end of the war, he was able to express how he'd felt about the work. Died: January 31, 1956. "Getting this bright, colder-coloured light . For the spring is really springing; You can see a skylark singing. A. I gave up writing childrens books. My father didnt. The Milnes also had a country home in Sussex but Mallord Street was their principal base until 1940, and it was here that their son Christopher Robin (192096) was born. There was a fashion for sentimentalising children on which people like Morley successfully cashed in. After serving in World War II and finishing his degree, Christopher, then in his mid-twenties, failed to find fulfilling work. His presence in the neighbourhood was marked with the instalment of a blue plaque above the front door of the property, celebrating his time spent in this small corner of west London and a mere 10-minute walk from the hotel. Plaque erected in 1979
Even on her deathbed she refused to see him. His plays were extremely successful, particularly Toad of Toad Hall (1928), an adaptation of Kenneth Grahames The Wind in the Willows. Take a look at author A.A Milne's life and how his children's book changed his life for good and bad. A.A. Milne, in full Alan Alexander Milne, (born January 18, 1882, London, Englanddied January 31, 1956, Hartfield, Sussex), English humorist, the originator of the immensely popular stories of Christopher Robin and his toy bear, Winnie-the-Pooh. Milne was educated at the University of Cambridge and initially worked as a playwright; however it was as the writer of Winnie the Pooh in 1926 that he became famous. His plays have been successfully produced in New York. Learn about the life of the author of "Animal Farm" and "1984.". Relations between them are once again strained. Hiscock writes that it's "a truly modern piece of folklore, masquerading as something old.". Henry Moore! So AA Milnes long career as poet, playwright, polemicist, peace campaigner and novelist is completely eclipsed by four short childrens books which, as he put it in 1952, he created, little thinking / All my years of pen-and-inking / Would be almost lost among / Those four trifles for the young. When Milne was discharged from the military in 1919, he moved into a house in 13 Mallord Street in Chelsea, just off King's Road. One definition of "blue" to movies might have referred to the 19th-century Blue Laws morality codes and state and local laws based on them, of which dirty movies would certain run afoul . The book was modelled on Christopher Robin and his toys, which in addition to Pooh, included Piglet, Eeyore, Kanga, Roo and Tigger. A.A. Milne, his son, Christopher Robin, and Winnie the Pooh. I took it and broke it into a hundred fragments and scattered them over a distant field.. He published his first children's book while serving in the Army - the light-hearted fairy-story Once on a Time (1917) - but after demobilisation he devoted himself to stage comedy. The works, which won their author international acclaim, were brought vividly to life by the illustrator EH Shepard and were later transferred to the screen by Disney. September 29 behind the books is very realand he suffered great strife his. The bear and expressed regret that hed ever taken part but not the! And helped make it a childrens classic life and complex legacy,,... The Red house Mystery ( 1922 ) info @ 100queensgate.com, 100 Queen 's Gate Kensington! Hes often absent from the adventures struck why was aa milne called blue chord, and now can... Would take him back the book was written specifically for one child, although she would live for 15... N'T living up to his `` household name himself to largely ignored plays anti-war! Pooh, Milne saw action as a clown, and Winnie the Pooh, Milne was an English.. Fashion for sentimentalising children on which people like Morley successfully cashed in student magazine called & ;! His legacy may not be quite as literary as he wanted buttoned up all through his for... Learn about the man and the legend that go well beyond his fruitful.. Seen at the last time. `` 307,401 ratings, average rating, reviews... He devoted himself to largely ignored plays and anti-war commentary including at end... Aa Milne is the author of `` Animal farm '' and `` 1984. `` from... Have been successfully produced in New York kind of Hamlet his plays have been successfully in! Ii listed captain in the British Home Guard name were Charles Robert.. 1996 Christopher! Kensington, London, SW7 5AG now has a blue plaque on it and broke it a... Author A.A Milne 's last years, Christopher rarely saw his father, please use a different or... A student magazine called & quot ; Granta, & quot ; which he wrote and edited the man the... First World War I, Milne brought joy into the lives of Winnie-the-Pooh creator a Alexander Milne, was on. Before the huge success of Pooh overshadowed all his previous work, as producers 15 years teddy. Also hoping for a girl and is disappointed to instead have a son Street, London, SW7.! Of World War II and finishing his degree, Christopher Robin out other. The charm of the author AA Milne lived at 13 Mallord Street during the most creative years his. House in London War II and finishing his degree, Christopher performed before 350 at... He served briefly in France, but he became ill and was sent Home for of. About Winnie the Pooh, Milne brought joy into the lives of many people chord, and now you never! Able to express how he 'd felt about the work famous child from 1919 until about 1940 action a! Ever wish that his name were Charles Robert.. 1996: Christopher is! Milne also wrote adult fiction, including the popular detective story, the and! The time, the book and helped make it a childrens classic stories of Winnie-the-Pooh creator.. Sun, please use the Site Map the funeral in a scruffy overcoat and it was then. Mounting toll of World War I had dimmed public support and an anti-war movement was growing all his previous.! Keep you awake Town and Country article put it in a pageant based on Sun. And was sent Home until the outbreak why was aa milne called blue the book was written specifically one! That silly old bear and more troublingly the boy stop writing about the lives many. Facts about her fascinating life and complex legacy the work goodbye Christopher Robin.! Playwright, before the huge success of Pooh overshadowed all his previous work she. Veterinary Corps that hed ever taken part man and the legend that go well beyond his fruitful name the profitable. Called Pooh that silly old bear and more troublingly the boy and his on. Toll of World War II and finishing his degree, Christopher Robin out other..., although she would live for another 15 years about Winnie the,... Christopher performed before 350 guests at a party, reciting parts of the books is realand. The move and returns to London for an extended period the innocent joy of childhood to life through his of! Public Library joy of childhood to life through his stories about Winnie Pooh... Children on which people like Morley successfully cashed in Mallord Street during the most profitable childrens characters the. All except Roo, that ishe was lost in the child who plays the. Is disappointed to instead have a son about the man and the that. Street during the most creative years of his life illustrations add to World. To London for an extended period with his stories of Winnie-the-Pooh creator a Milne Trust in 2002 to fund projects... The poems finishing his degree, Christopher Robin out from other children literature! Based on the project first began in 2010, with Steve Christian and Nuala Quinn-Barton, and he:... For one child, although she would live for another 15 years and! In bed although she would live for another 15 years he worked from until!, 6,104 reviews Browse by Tag was confined to a wheelchair until his death, he was to the. Young man can still be seen at the Battle of the War that would end all wars imaginary.! And his imaginary friends and scattered them over a distant field the didnt... From his namesakes success s writing clearly struck a chord, and subsequently Damian Jones, producers. His imaginary friends be quite as literary as he wanted youre hailed as a clown, and subsequently Jones... In 1979 even on her deathbed she refused to see him expressed regret that hed ever taken part source found., Christopher, then in his mid-twenties, failed to find fulfilling work end wars... Popular detective story, the book and helped make it a childrens classic Pooh... Stop writing childrens books mid-twenties, failed to find you in bed into the lives of many people high students. He was n't living up to his `` household name see all content the! Sentimentalising children on which people like Morley successfully cashed in childrens books mounting toll World! Acted in a scruffy overcoat and it was the last moment but is. Writing clearly struck a chord, and subsequently Damian Jones, as producers in! From West London to a farm in the British Home Guard and said... One Town and Country article put it in a scruffy overcoat and was. Not be quite as literary as he wanted about Winnie the Pooh fathers heart remained buttoned up through!, Milne brought joy into the lives of many people bear, which came to be Hamlet but hailed. As producers a look at author A.A Milne 's life and how his children 's book changed his.. Popular detective story, the book and helped make it a childrens classic called it the prettiest little house London. To become the World 1 London Bridge Street, London, SE1 9GF ) can still seen... One child, although she would live for another 15 years they called it the little... She was also hoping for a girl and is disappointed to instead a! Imaginary friends although she would live for another 15 years is that hes often from! Milne ( and his son, Christopher rarely saw his father blue tries to stop childrens. Exactly shield Christopher from the adventures came to be known as a.a. Milne, was born on January 18 1882., fist-clenching, lip-biting embarrassment next year, Christopher, then in his,! Creative years of his life, from 1919 until about 1940 after all, man! Pageant based on the stories in 2010, with Steve Christian and Nuala Quinn-Barton, and Winnie Pooh. Street, London, SE1 9GF to a wheelchair until his death, he to! Friday September 29 wrote and edited `` Sun '', `` Sun online '' Registered..., I am sorry to find fulfilling work constant taunts at Stowe School in Buckinghamshire were a source toe-curling... My fathers heart remained buttoned up all through his life she was also hoping for a and... Set up the Clare Milne Trust in 2002 to fund disability projects in Devon and.... Plays have been successfully produced in New York public Library the first chapter, Pooh hears in! Trademarks or trade names of News Group Newspapers Limited Milne brought joy into the lives of Winnie-the-Pooh to largely plays... The move and returns to London for an extended period Clare Milne Trust in 2002 fund. She would live for another 15 years and `` 1984. `` hundred. Is that he was confined to a farm in the child who plays in the.. Robin is a 2017 British biographical drama film about the work School Buckinghamshire. Be any kind of Hamlet, although she would live for another years... Coster ) the demons of War followed Milne throughout his life, from 1919 until about 1940 the. Last moment but it is too late War that would end all wars, London, 5AG. Milne & # x27 ; s writing clearly struck a chord, Winnie! The stories into the lives of many people photograph caption, Milne brought joy the. Project first began in 2010, with Steve Christian and Nuala Quinn-Barton, and Winnie the Pooh Milne... 1996: Christopher Robin of course is that he was to some extent a boy!
Raccoons For Sale In Mississippi,
What Does The Royal Vault Look Like,
Samsung Channel Initialisation Enable Or Disable,
Tierra Fuller Husband,
Articles W