henry flagler daughter

Anderson owned a large tract of orange groves west of the Governor's House along King Street the main thoroughfare of St. Augustine and wanted to sell it to Flagler. He was connected with government officials and industry elites. St. Augustine, Florida Mary Lily outlived her first husband, Henry Flagler and inherited his huge fortune, married again three years later, and died under suspicious circumstances at aged fifty. Enamoured by what Henry Flagler had been up to down south, droves of rich tourists made that harrowing journey to St. Augustine. Flagler renamed it the Hotel Cordova, after the street that it was on. The swamplands south of Savannah were thought of as a dangerous land of rugged enchantment where alligators lurked in the shadows and strange miasme was thought to carry diseases like yellow fever through the damp air. In the early 1880s, Flagler and Rockefeller created one of their most important innovations. FLORIDA KEYS Henry Morrison Flagler never lived in the Florida Keys, but he left a more lasting and valuable mark on the island chain than many lifelong residents. (2022) "Historical Person Profile: Henry Flagler." He returned to St. Augustine in 1885 and made Smith an offer. So, when sources from the time period say that Ida Alice Shourds Flagler was insane, one must look closely and think critically. Henry Flagler: The Astonishing Life and Times of the Visionary Robber Baron Who Founded Florida. He became known as the Father of Miami, Florida. [31], Standard Oil moved its headquarters to New York City, at 26 Broadway, and Flagler and Rockefeller became central figures in the city's business community. Bostonian Franklin W. Smith had recently built his winter home, the Villa Zorayda, which caught Flagler's eye almost immediately. Henry Morrison Flagler (January 2, 1830 - May 20, 1913) was an American industrialist and a founder of Standard Oil. Perhaps fortunately for Smith, he couldn't come up with the funds,[45] so Flagler began construction of the 540-room Ponce de Leon Hotel by himself, but spent several times his original estimate. [citation needed], In 1862, Flagler and his brother-in-law Barney Hamlin York (18331884) founded the Flagler and York Salt Company, a salt mining and production business in Saginaw, Michigan. As elated as the couple was to meet their first and only son, her condition made planning for Harry's future feel disturbingly somber. In June 1870, Flagler and Rockefeller formed Standard Oil of Ohio, which rapidly became the most profitable refiner in Ohio. Flagler wanted to take advantage of additional trade with Cuba and Latin America as well as the increased trade with the west that the Panama Canal would bring. She documented the company's espionage, price wars, heavy-handed marketing tactics, and courtroom evasions. Throughout it all, Mary was made to brave her condition without her husband, who had taken to staying at the Buckingham Hotel in New York, completely immersed in the business of Standard Oil. Having had no prior experience in the salt industry, the Flagler & York company flopped and Henry lost around $100,000 ($100K in 1865 is nearly $2 million in 2022). In 1868, at age 37, Flagler joined with John Rockefeller and Samuel Andrews to form the Rockefeller, Andrews and Flagler Oil Refinery. That craze mounted when two months later, Flagler filed for divorce in Dade County and was granted such on August 13th, 1901. Tail tucked in shame, the destitute Flagler family moved back to Ohio in January of 1866. NY By genealogy.com user October 24, 1999 at 04:39:45. Flagler commissioned the architects and builders of his other St. Augustine buildings to create the Venetian Renaissance Revival style . Though Flagler and Rockefeller had long maintained a policy of active silence with the press, they decided to make themselves more accessible and responded with conciliatory comments such as "capital and labor are both wild forces which require intelligent legislation to hold them in restriction. An incident that is commonly cited as being 'the straw that broke the camel's back' occurred on one of the Flaglers' expensive yachts (of which the couple had many the Alicia was even named after Ida Alice). "[56], A congressional investigation in 1909 concluded that "there had been little immigrant peonage in the South and none in the [railway camps] camps in the Keys. St. Augustine city officials and businessmen were mostly grateful that Henry Flagler had chosen their little hamlet to 'please himself' by developing it and filling it with tourists. He was also a key figure in the development of the Atlantic coast of Florida and founder of the Florida East Coast Railway. Franklin W. Smith had just finished building Villa Zorayda and Flagler offered to buy it for his honeymoon. It supplied kerosene by tank cars that brought the fuel to local markets, and tank wagons then delivered to retail customers, thus bypassing the existing network of wholesale jobbers. In fact, the exterior bares a memorial script to his daughter who perished giving birth to his . He was also a key figure in the development of the Atlantic coast of Florida and founder of the Florida East Coast Railway. [29] Robert Nobel had established his own refining enterprise in the abundant and cheaper Russian oil fields, including the region's first pipeline and the world's first oil tanker. His business dealings, along with those of partner John D. Rockefeller's, were laid out in painstaking detail by one bold muckraker of the era, Ida I was willing that they should combine and grow as big and wealthy as they could, but only by legitimate means. Graham, Thomas. It was during these early years of employment that young Henry Flagler cut his teeth in business one step closer to the shark he would become. Over the course of her marriage to Henry Flagler, Ida Alice Shourds is reported to have begun displaying unstable behavior she was rumored to have a temper, and her fondness for lavish parties and attention did not go unnoticed by Gilded Age Society. Henry B Flagler was born on month day 1836, at birth place, New York, to Thomas Flagler and Rachael M Flagler. The Zorayda's poured coquina and concrete structure, Spanish architecture, and lavish interior inspired Flagler, who actually tried to buy the building, but was denied. [51] In 1901, Flagler bribed the Florida Legislature and Governor to pass a law that made incurable insanity grounds for divorce, opening the way for Flagler to remarry. Reynolds, Charles B. Augustine. When asked by the president of Rollins College in Winter Park about his philanthropic efforts, Flagler reportedly replied, "I believe this state is the easiest place for many men to gain a living. View Henry Flagler.pptx from HISTORY 10 at Jupiter High School. Together, the three set their sights on opening a distillery that would serve nearby railroad workers. Instead, an artificial island was constructed in Biscayne Bay called Flagler Monument Island. He was twenty-three and she was twenty and they were married in her father's home. [25] The public and the press were immediately suspicious of this new legal entity, and other businesses seized upon the idea and emulated it, further inflaming public sentiment. He was also a key figure in the development of the eastern coast of Florida along the Atlantic Ocean and was founder of what became the Florida East Coast Railway. Flagler encouraged fruit farming and settlement along his railway line and made many gifts to build hospitals, churches and schools in Florida. While many tourists were satisfied with the charms of rural Florida, the appeal quickly wore off for the Flaglers, Henry specifically. Melbert Cary died in 1941, and after his death Mary continued to divide her. After many years of work, it opened on January 10, 1888, and was an instant success. The hotel, the Ponce de Leon, was a success. IT HAD BEGUN 26 YEARS EARLIER, IN 1891, when Henry Morrison Flagler, the uncrowned "king" of Florida, who had made a vast fortune as a founding partner of Standard Oil of Ohio, met Mary Lily Kenan . But in the aftermath of that battle, in 1879 the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania indicted Flagler and Rockefeller on charges of monopolizing the oil trade, starting an avalanche of similar court proceedings in other states and making a national issue of Standard Oil's business practices. Flagler and Rockefeller then decided to issue certificates against oil stored in Standard Oil's pipelines. Because he had a hard personal life and was a cutthroat business man. He was also a key figure in the development of the Atlantic coast of Florida and founder of the Florida East Coast Railway, much of which he built through convict leasing. Flagler's second wife, the former Ida Alice Shourds, was declared insane[50] by Flagler's friend Dr. Anderson in 1896 and was institutionalized on and off starting that year. The Washington Post. "[35], Flagler and Rockefeller continued to consolidate their oil interests as best they could until New Jersey, in 1909, changed its incorporation laws to effectively allow a re-creation of the trust in the form of a single holding company. The railroad was financially unable to rebuild the destroyed sections, so the roadbed and remaining bridges were sold to the State of Florida, which built the Overseas Highway to Key West, using much of the remaining railway infrastructure. Rogers, in particular, became one of Flagler and Rockefeller's key men in the formation of the Standard Oil Trust. Mary and Henry's first child was Jennie Louise (born March 1855), then Carrie (born June 1858 and named after Henry Flagler's older half-sister, Caroline), then finally, Harry Flagler (born December 1870). Harry and Annie's daughter Jean Louise Flagler made Palm Beach a large part of her life. He is known as the father of Miami, Florida, and founded the city of Palm Beach. Pennsylvania revoked the cartel's charter, and non-preferential rates were restored for the time being. Henry Flagler's most monumental accomplishment was realized only a year before he died. The Standard Guide to St. Augustine. New York, NY: Three Rivers Press & Crown Publishers, 2002. His body was sent to St. Augustine on May 23 where he was laid to rest along side of his his first wife Mary Harkness in the Memorial Presbyterian Church mausoleum built for his daughter Jennie Louise. Her eldest daughter, Jennie Louise, was twenty- six. Gainesville, FL. This was the beginning of the Standard Oil company, which would catapult both men into unimaginable levels of wealth. Only his son Harry Harkness Flagler survived of the three children by his first marriage in 1853 to Mary Harkness. Mary Harkness had been frail since childhood and her father often sent to a boarding school Savannah, Georgia as a means of sparing her from harsh northern winters. [citation needed], One of the most effective attacks on Flagler and Rockefeller and their firm was the 1905 publication of The History of the Standard Oil Company, by Ida Tarbell, a leading muckraker. A Second Wife and a Second Career. Dazzled by the prospect of tremendous wealth and supported by his father-in-law, Flagler followed the smell of money to Michigan. Flagler and Rockefeller finally gave up their dream of controlling all the world's oil refining. This conflict created a breach between father and son that lasted until Henry Flagler was on his deathbed. Flagler completed the 1,100-room Royal Poinciana Hotel on the shores of Lake Worth in Palm Beach and extended his railroad to its service town, West Palm Beach, by 1894, founding Palm Beach and West Palm Beach. [20] The New York State Legislature's Hepburn Committee in 1879 conducted hearings in response to the complaints of local merchants that were not involved in the oil trade in order to investigate railroad rebate practices. Perhaps Henry Flagler already planned that he would need a physician to confirm his wife suffered from insanity. Flagler also met one Dr. Andrew Anderson, who would almost immediately become a lifelong partner and friend. If Smith could raise $50,000, Flagler would invest $150,000 and they would build a hotel together. For the first time, Flagler was able to experience the warm, sunny atmosphere of Florida. Tarbell's father had been driven out of the oil business during the South Improvement Company affair. However, a great cloud of bad luck was soon to fall over the Flagler family. In fact, this was a struggle that was occurring all over the country. Flagler was eighteen years older than his 35-year-old bride. [41] The history of American oil refining begins with Flagler and Rockefeller, as they built the biggest, most prosperous and monopolizing oil empire of their time: Standard Oil. Henry M. Flagler, in full Henry Morrison Flagler, (born January 2, 1830, Hopewell, New York, U.S.died May 20, 1913, West Palm Beach, Florida), American financier and partner of John D. Rockefeller, Sr., in establishing the Standard Oil Company. In just eighteen months of harried work and lavish spending, the Ponce de Leon Hotel was opened for business in January of 1888. Henry Flagler passed away May 20, 1913, and the construction of the "Over-Sea" road served as an example of his substantial impact on the state. After finishing the eighth grade at fourteen, Henry followed his half-brother Dan to Ohio. He also built the Alcazar Hotel as an overflow hotel for the Ponce de Leon Hotel. Two years after her death, he married her nurse, Ida Alice Shourds. Ralph, Julian. St. Augustine, FL: Saint Augustine Historical Society, 1978. Both of Henry's parents had been married previously. Two years later, Flagler built the Palm Beach Inn (renamed The Breakers in 1901), overlooking the Atlantic Ocean in Palm Beach. They had 3 children: Maud Aiken and 2 other children. However, this building's history is tragic and short. It is one of his most significant projects, because it was constructed as a memorial to Flagler's only daughter, Jenny. 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